Comprehensive Interview Phases and AIDET in Nursing

Key Points

  • Comprehensive interviews follow four phases: preparatory, introductory, maintenance, and termination.
  • AIDET supports consistent introductions and expectation setting.
  • Open-ended and adaptive questioning improve depth and relevance of subjective data.
  • Cultural, developmental, and emotional factors require interview style adjustment.

Pathophysiology

Interview quality affects assessment accuracy, diagnosis precision, and care-plan fit. Poorly structured interviews can miss high-priority cues, increase misunderstanding, and weaken therapeutic trust. Structured interviews reduce omission risk and improve decision quality.

Classification

  • Preparatory phase: Environment setup, chart review, privacy, and interruption control.
  • Introductory phase: Trust building, role clarification, and expectation framing.
  • Maintenance phase: Active listening, data gathering, therapeutic techniques, and care-plan shaping.
  • Termination phase: Progress review, transition planning, and follow-up linkage.
  • AIDET framework: Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explanation, Thank You.

Nursing Assessment

NCLEX Focus

Prioritize techniques that increase patient disclosure while preserving safety, privacy, and dignity.

  • Assess environmental readiness (privacy, noise, time pressure).
  • Assess rapport and trust signals early in the interaction.
  • Assess whether questions are eliciting useful narrative data.
  • Assess communication barriers (language, hearing, literacy, distress, developmental mismatch).
  • Assess readiness for termination and continuity needs at end of encounter.

Nursing Interventions

  • Use AIDET at the start of encounters to create clarity and trust.
  • Begin with open-ended questions, then narrow with adaptive follow-up.
  • Use empathy, validation, and nonjudgmental language to support disclosure.
  • Adjust communication for age, culture, and emotional state.
  • Close with summary, teach-back where needed, and next-step confirmation.

Interview Compression Risk

Rushed, multi-question, low-eye-contact interviewing can suppress critical patient disclosures.

Pharmacology

Medication history quality depends on interview technique. Structured questioning improves reconciliation accuracy, adherence assessment, and identification of high-risk misunderstandings.

Clinical Judgment Application

Clinical Scenario

A patient gives minimal responses during intake while appearing anxious and distracted.

Recognize Cues: Limited disclosure and possible communication barrier. Analyze Cues: Current approach is not generating reliable assessment data. Prioritize Hypotheses: Rapport and interview method adjustment are immediate priorities. Generate Solutions: Re-establish introduction with AIDET and switch to open-ended adaptive questions. Take Action: Reduce distractions, use interpreter resources if needed, and continue patient-centered interview. Evaluate Outcomes: Data depth and patient engagement improve.

Self-Check

  1. Why does the preparatory phase influence interview validity?
  2. How does adaptive questioning differ from routine closed-ended questioning?
  3. What indicators show an interview should be modified for emotional or cultural factors?